![]() The main specifications are: ETSI TS 102 223 (the toolkit for smartcards), ETSI TS 102 241 ( API), ETSI TS 102 588 (application invocation), and ETSI TS 131 111 (toolkit for more SIM-likes). (There is an identical ETSI specification with different numbering.) ETSI and 3GPP maintain the SIM specifications. These applications communicate with the handset or a server using SIM Application Toolkit, which was initially specified by 3GPP in TS 11.14. ![]() Modern SIM cards allow applications to load when the SIM is in use by the subscriber. Note the thin gold bonding wires, and the regular, rectangular digital memory areas. Design Ĥ by 4 millimetres (0.16 in × 0.16 in) silicon chip in a SIM card which has been peeled open. The introduction of embedded-SIM (eSIM) and remote SIM provisioning (RSP) from the GSMA may disrupt the traditional SIM card ecosystem with the entrance of new players specializing in "digital" SIM card provisioning and other value-added services for mobile network operators. The rise of cellular IoT and 5G networks is predicted to drive the growth of the addressable market for SIM card manufacturers to over 20 billion cellular devices by 2020. According to the International Card Manufacturers Association (ICMA), there were 5.4 billion SIM cards manufactured globally in 2016 creating over $6.5 billion in revenue for traditional SIM card vendors. Today, SIM cards are ubiquitous, allowing over 7 billion devices to connect to cellular networks around the world. The first SIM card was developed in 1991 by Munich smart-card maker Giesecke & Devrient, who sold the first 300 SIM cards to the Finnish wireless network operator Radiolinja. 3GPP is now responsible for the further development of applications like SIM (TS 51.011 ) and USIM (TS 31.102 ) and ETSI for the further development of the physical card UICC. With the development of UMTS, the specification work was partially transferred to 3GPP. This specification describes the physical and logical behaviour of the SIM. The SIM was initially specified by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute in the specification with the number TS 11.11. Smart cards have since used MOS integrated circuit chips, along with MOS memory technologies such as flash memory and EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory). The idea of incorporating a silicon IC chip onto a plastic card originates from the late 1960s. The SIM card is a type of smart card, the basis for which is the silicon integrated circuit (IC) chip. ![]()
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